Combat Search and
Rescue (CSAR) missions are extremely important to all branches of the military.
However, as important as they are, it is much harder to gather the resources
needed to perform these operations. Special Operations Forces (SOF) are
equipped and manned to perform these missions, but have been taking on the
responsibility of a CSAR mission on a case-by-case basis only (Altieri, 2003).
The United States Air Force (USAF) has an aging fleet of 105 MH-60G Pave Hawks
that currently perform CSAR missions, but the manpower is not up to par.
One solution to
this would be to employ more unmanned aerial systems (UASs) to alleviate the
strain on the CSAR missions. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be modified to
assume some of the roles of CSAR missions such as to include finding, fixing,
supporting and recovering isolated personnel (Altieri, 2003). This could
especially be helpful when a mission requires sending in personnel or equipment
into hostile enemy environments, or other environments involving nuclear,
biological, and chemical (NBC) hazards.
Lockheed Martin proposed the idea of an
“immersible” UAV (Comorant) that would be capable of launch, recovery and
re-launch from a submerged submarine or surface ship ( ). This platform would
be capable of various tasks which would include aiding in SOF missions. Northrop Grumman has developed the RQ-8A/B
Fire Scout, a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) Tactical UAV (TUAV) for the
Army and Navy. It is capable of providing reconnaissance, situational awareness
and precision targeting support, all of which would be critical for supporting
a CSAR mission. Early VTOL UAVs are paving the way for future platforms such as
the unmanned Blackhawk helicopter being explored by Sikorsky Aircraft.